
EDUCATION
"Come quickly, I am tasting the stars!" - Dom Pérignon
CHAMPAGNE METHOD
THE GRAPES
There are seven permitted grape varieties in the Champagne region, and each are planted in various locations to best display the ‘terroir’ of that plot.
The plantings are predominantly made up of the black grape varietals (Pinot Noir and Meunier), as well as the most important white grape (Chardonnay), followed by a total representation of 0.3% of plantings made up by the remaining white grapes (Arbane, Petit Meslier, Pinot Blanc and Pinot Gris).
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VINTAGES
The term ‘vintage’ in regard to Champagne simply describes a bottle that has been made with grapes from a single year. A 'non-vintage' on the other hand refers to a Champagne that has been created by blending parcels of base wine from several separate years.
Neither are superior as the resulting style are very different.
A vintage Champagne should only be created from an outstanding year’s harvest, and should express the characteristics of that year, whereas a non-vintage Champagne is created to produce wines with a house's style that is consistent year on year.

AVERAGE

GOOD

VERY
GOOD

GREAT

Exceptional

In 2021, we suffered the greatest frosts since 2003 and hail wiping out over 50% of the 500 hectares causing massive disease pressure across the region. The Cote des Blancs were the least effected vineyards, so can expect clean Chardonnay crop with hopefully age worthy vintage wines. It will be interested to re visit the progression of this incredibly tricky region over the next few years. ??/10

Unlike the global Covid-19 pandemic, the climate was much kinder in 2020. The growing season saw one of the shortest ripening periods ever, following on from a wet winter and a summer heatwave ultimately creating grapes with a slightly lower sugar level with a higher level of acidity. A great balance and the third consecutive vintage of fantastic quality in a row. Of course, it's very early to tell but this looks like one to watch. 7/10

Spring 2019 saw thunderstorms and frosts which slowed down the cycle of the vine and ultimately wiped out a percentage of crop. However, despite a later flowering, the summer maturity levels raced forwards doubling the normal potential ripeness resulting in a balanced final product. 7/10

For the first time in a long time, houses could pick at their chosen level of ripeness due to a bumper and healthy crop being available. So much so that grapes were left hanging due to yield levels being met (even with the additional allowance following such poor yields previously). The worry is that high ripeness and lower acidity will cause these wines to peak early. 7/10

Up to 50% of grapes were turned away by houses due to the traumatic growing season endeavoured across the appellations. The perfect storm or hail, rain, heat and a huge amount of rot make this one of the most difficult vintages on record, although some houses did report perfect ripeness. 3/10

A devasting year for Champagne. Torrential rain, hail and frost in the spring was followed by a continuously rainy summer offering only a few days of sunshine near harvest time. So sunny in fact that a percentage of remaining crop was sunburnt. The lowest yield since 2003. 1/10

A very warm vintage while also upholding just enough acidity to balance out the phenolic ripeness and produce a harvest regarded as good as, if not better than 2002. An exciting year to keep an eye on. 9/10

A technically challenging year seeing some villages prosper and produce excellent crops, while others suffer to the hand of summer, rainfall and rot. 6/10

A vintage boasting fresh acidity thanks to a long and cool harvest. A well-balanced high yielding vintage producing wines to age. 7/10
LIFE CYCLE OF A VINE
GLOSSARY OF TERMS

TERROIR
Author
Jim Gore
Ex principle of WSET school London, and founding Director of The Global Wine Academy
Climate, soil type and topography provide unique conditions for the growing of the three main varieties that allows for a multitude of blending and style options. The different terroirs within Champagne enable winemakers to maintain high levels of refreshing acidity combined with pure, vibrant and concentrated flavours expected in Champagne. It is the unique topography of the region, the exposure and angle of the hillsides deliver sunlight and heat that allow grapes growing in a cool climate to develop sufficient concentration in order to develop in bottle for years. In other wine regions it is possible to leave the grapes on the vine for longer in order to achieve ripeness and intensity, in Champagne the terroir arguably plays more important role in achieving the perfect result.
5 MAIN PRODUCTION SUB-REGIONS
USEFUL LINKS
CIVC Comité Champagne Interprofessional Champagne wines committee Official Champagne website
The 'official' Champagne website with the most comprehensive and up to date educational content
Wine Folly Champagne | Wine Folly
A wine led website with content, maps and videos on Champagne as a region and as a product.
Order des Coteaux de Champagne Accueil - Ordre des coteaux de Champagne (occ-france.com)
An organisation dedicated to the promotion of the entirity of the Champagne region.
Tyson Stelzer Home - Tyson Stelzer
A respected Champagne writer with many educational references to Champagne throughout his website.
Essi Avellan MW Essi Avellan
A respected Champagne writer with many educational references to Champagne throughout her website.